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May 8, 2025

Gold and Foreign Exchange Reserves

April 2025

The African International Liquidity Position, reflected by Net Gold and Foreign Exchange Reserves, grew in both USD and Rand terms as of April 2025. Despite a nearly 60c Rand depreciation against the dollar, reserves increased, boosted by a 4.7% rise in gold prices, which remain 41.4% higher than in 2024.

Foreign reserves also surged from December 2024, despite Rand volatility following President Trump’s re-election, diplomatic tensions, and US-China tariff disputes. Key commodities like gold, oil, platinum, and coal offer vital insights into South Africa’s mining sector and inflation outlook.

Monitoring these trends is crucial, as inflation expectations will influence the South African Reserve Bank’s (SARB) interest rate decisions later in 2025. A stable Rand and lower oil prices support favourable inflation forecasts, but global geopolitical tensions and potential changes to trade agreements like AGOA could cause rapid shifts.

With recent US tariffs and an unchanged Fed rate in May 2025, the Rand is expected to face continued volatility, impacting international markets and South Africa’s economic outlook.


More Coverage

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South Africa’s mining sector remains a vital source of jobs, foreign exchange and economic growth, but August’s sharp fall in mining output and sales highlights the mounting pressure on the industry. Rising fuel and energy costs, policy uncertainty and growing trade challenges are weighing on producers, even as firm gold prices and temporary US tariff exemptions offer some relief. Read the full report for a closer look at the latest figures, the forces shaping the sector and what they could mean for mining’s future in South Africa.
A $100-plus oil price, a weaker rand and record fuel hikes are putting South Africa’s economy under mounting pressure, while strategic reserves offer little protection. This report examines how imported inflation is squeezing households and businesses, why higher interest rates may do little to tackle its root causes, and how sluggish growth and rising debt are tightening the fiscal squeeze. It also explores the stakes for trade with the United States and AGOA, and the policy choices that could restore investor confidence, unlock growth and put the country on a more resilient path.
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